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H. H. EBAUGH.

` Wheel-Plow.

' Patented July 9, 1867.

Wz/newen 0% NPETERS. PHOTD'LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTGN. D, C.

nitrh tutts atrnt @ffice HENRY H. EBAIIGH, OFl HEREFORD, MARYLAND.

Letters Patent No. 66,477, dated July 9, 1867.

IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS.

TO ALL WHOM, IT MAY CON CERN z A De it known "that I, HENRY H. EBAUGII, of Hereford, in the county of Baltimore, and State of Maryland, have invented an Improved Gang-Plough; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and. exact description thereof, reference being had to Ithe accompanying drawings making part of this specification- Figure 1 being a plan of this machine.

Figure 2 a side elevation thereof.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

I employ a suitable frame, A, of sufficient width to receive as many ploughs underneath and at such distances apart as desired, and oflength suitable to arrange the ploughs K L M in succession, one to the rear of another, substantially as represented. This frame is mounted on two supporting-wheels, B C, which also serve for gauging the depth of'ploughing, and for raising the plough out of action at any time. To an extension, a, of the main frame at the front, a pole or tongue, G, is attached, being secured at its rear end to a roller, H, and held firmly from side sway by a guide-socket, g, which allows a little play of'tbe tongue up and down, to adapt itself vto undulations ofthe ground or any other variation requiring such play, but at the same time limits the extent of motion, so that the tongue may always be a support und guide for the plough-frame. An adjustable roller, I, at the left front corner of the frame, serves to gauge the depth to which the ploughs may enter the ground. 'It is adjusted both by changing the angle of its hanger or bearing, lc, between a set of guide projections, jj, thereof, o r with a screw-bolt, t', passing through any one of a set of holes in the bearing, all substantially as shown in fig. 2. The supporting-wheels B C are mounted in swing frames D E,- which are pivoted -respectively at oZ e to the main frame A, so that the latter may move up and down while the wheels are in position on the ground. The wheels themselves have their bearings in concentric bars, b e, respectively, wbich,extending down between the timbers of the main frame, serve also as guides to the upward and downward movements thereof. 'Ihe upper bars of the two swing-frames extend backward, as shown, and from their rear `ends extend chains, bands, or ropes, n o, to pulleys N O respectively. These pulleys are on one shaft, Q, asis also another pulley, P, from which another chain, band, or rope, p, extends upward and forward to a pulley, R. On the shaft of the latter is a crank, S, by which the chain p is wound up on the pulley and unwound from the pulley I on the shaft Q. The chains n o are so arranged in relation to the chainp that as the latter is unwound from its pulley the others are wound up on their pulleys, and vice versa. Hence, by turning the crank so as to wind the chain p upon its pulley R, thc chain will be unwound from the pulley P, thereby turning the shaft Q so as to wind up the chains n o on their respective pulleys O, and thereby raise the frame A bodily further from the ground to any height desired. A ratchet, t, on 'the shaft ofthe crank S and pawl J, taking intothe notches of the same, holds the frameA elevated to any height to which it may be raised, and the driver, as he sits upon the seat V, over the platform c, can control the ratchet and pawl, and'turn the crank without moving from his position. On releasing the ratchet and pawl the frame A, with the plougbs, will descend by its own weight, but the descent is to be regulated by its driyer reversing the motionof the crank. It is designed that one supporting-wheel shall run'in the furrow just opened, and the other wheel upon the land not yet ploughed, so that the furrow-wheel will be exactly behind the near plough, which is foremost. The machine may be so arranged as to plough eitherto the right or left, by using either right or left ploughs, and arranging their positions correspondently under the frame A. In the drawings the arrangement is shown for turning the furrows to the left, and the left or near wheel B (represented by black lines in fig. 2) is shown as running in the furrow, behind the foremost plough K, while the right wheel C (shown by red lines in the same iigure) runs on the land, the surface of which is indicated by the red line. The two wheels B C are of the same size, and theV different heights atwhich they run are adjusted simply by varying the lengths of thc supporting-chains n o. The difference between the heights, with the corresponding adjustment of the ga11gewheel I,'determines the depth at which the ploughs run in the ground, which may be, say, from three -to fifteen inches. In order to keep the frame level as it is raised, to bring the ploughs out ofthe ground, the

pulley O, which winds up the chain o of the raised wheel c, is made of larger diameter than the pulley N, which winds up the chain n of the furrow-wheel, so that, as the shaft Q is turned, the land-side of the frame will be raised faster than the other, and when broughtpp to the desired height, and both wheels brought upon the land, the frame will be as desired. The ditference in the size of these pulleys (indicated in tig. 1) is readily calculated to accomplish the eect as set forth. For listing ground, requiring both wheels to run atithe same height, the two pulleys N O should be of the same diameter, or so arranged as to wind up their. chains equally, and keep the frame always at a uniform height on both sides. To this end, one pulley may be taken ci?, and another pulley, of the same size as its fellow, put in its place, or the small pulley may be enlarged by winding leather,

.for even its own chain around it, so as to make it even, or any other means of accomplishing the same result may be adop.ted. If the machine is changed from a right-hand to a left-hand one, the pulleys N O are shifted in position, each to theothers' side. The relative siz-es ofthe pulleys I and R are to be determined by the power required to elevate the' frame. The ordinary ratio is indicated in fig. 1 of the drawings. l The tongue G may be adjusted to different positions by having' different mortises in the roller H, and adjusting the guide-socket y to the right or left, correspondently. For three or four horses, setit in the centre, as indicated by the drawings. For two horses, set the tongue somewhat nearer to the side of the front plough or furrow side. This machine, as described, is very simple, effective, and convenient, and is adapted to all kinds of work to which gang-ploughs are applicable. It is readily controlled byv one driver. Neither wheel runs on the furrow slices, so'that the ground'is leftl as smooth and light as if ploughed with a single plough.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Mount-ing the supporting-wheels B C in swing-frames D E, pivoted to the main frame A., arranged and .operating substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. I also'claim the windingpulleys N O of different sizes, 1n combination with the chains, bands, or ropes n o and swing-frames D E, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.'

3. In combination with the foregoing, I also claim the pulleys P R, cranlrv S, and its ratchet and pawl, sul)` stantially as and for the purpose herein specified. l

4. I also claim the gauge-wheel I, when arranged. and operating in connection with the swing-frames D E, as andfor the purpose set forth.

5. I also claim the arrangement of the tongue or pole, G, in the roller H, and guide-socket g, as herein specified. n y

The above specification of my improvement in gang-ploughs signed by me this 18th day of` April, 1867.

HENRY H. EBAUGH.

Witnesses:

J. S. BROWN, JOHN W. KREPPS. 

